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03/06/2025
Precision Irrigation Systems – Smart Controllers
Weather-based or evapotranspiration (ET)-based controllers automatically adjust irrigation schedules using real-time local weather data (temperature, humidity, wind, and solar radiation). This reduces unnecessary irrigation during wet or cool conditions and increases it during periods of high demand, ensuring optimal soil moisture level. 

Key features to implement: • ET-based programming: Adjusts run times based on moisture lost through evapotranspiration. • Flow monitoring integration: Detects leaks or line breaks in real-time and halts watering to affected zones. • Remote access: Enables off-site adjustments and diagnostics via smartphones or computers. 

Soil Moisture Sensors and Zonal Management Installing soil moisture probes at root depth provides accurate, real-time data on moisture availability, preventing overwatering and turf stress. These sensors should be networked into the irrigation system to trigger or suppress watering events based on preset moisture thresholds. Implementation tips: • Use volumetric water content sensors for precise measurement. • Position sensors in representative locations for each irrigation zone. • Calibrate sensors to site-specific soil types and turfgrass needs. 

Optimised Scheduling and Control Logic Night-time irrigation (typically between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m.) takes advantage of lower evaporation rates and reduced wind drift. Controllers should be programmed with cycle and soak techniques to maximise infiltration and avoid runoff on compacted or sloped areas. Control strategies include: • Cycle and soak programming: Breaks irrigation into multiple shorter cycles to improve absorption. • Sensor-based override logic: Uses rain, wind, and freeze sensors to interrupt scheduled irrigation under unfavourable conditions. 

Data Logging and Performance Monitoring Modern systems should include data logging capabilities to track water usage, system performance, and turf response. This data supports proactive maintenance and regulatory compliance. Technical Audit Checklist: • Review system uniformity (Distribution Uniformity, DU) • Calibrate controllers and sensors annually • Integrate weather station data and local forecasts • Conduct quarterly sensor accuracy checks 

Conclusion: Adopting precision irrigation technologies and refining control strategies not only conserves water but also ensures healthier turf and regulatory alignment. Regular system evaluations and data-informed decisions are key to long-term efficiency and sustainability.